• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Process and apparatus for the continuous thermal cracking of hydrocarbon oils, which process comprises heating a hydrocarbon oil feed, introducing the hot feed into a soaking vessel (4, 40), having its interior divided into a plurality of consecutive, interconnected compartments (5, 44) and causing hot liquid to pass through the consecutive compartments prior to withdrawal of liquid material from the soaking vessel, and wherein gas present in each compartment is collected and withdrawn separately (7, 47) from the vessel.
    公开号:SU1468428A3
    申请号:SU843786915
    申请日:1984-08-30
    公开日:1989-03-23
    发明作者:Маттиас Мария Блаухофф Петрус；Эдуард Корнелиссен Антон；Хенрикус Джозефус Баккемс Францискус；Вильям Бэлл Вестермэн Дэвид
    申请人:Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    The invention relates to devices for the continuous thermal cracking of hydrocarbon oils.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of the product boiling between 165 and 350 ° C.
    FIG. 1 shows a horizontal reaction chamber with vertical partitions, a vertical longitudinal section; FIG. 2 - a vertical chamber with inclined partition walls arranged at different heights with means for overflow, longitudinal section; FIG. 3 is the same, with means for overflow made in the form of pipes; a longitudinal slit in FIG. 4 is the same, with means for venting gas in the form of an axially arranged pipe of the reaction chamber with openings located in each section, a longitudinal section in FIG. 5 is the same with pipes for passing the raw material or product to the next section, longitudinal section.
    The device contains a furnace. 1 for heating the raw material, a horizontal reaction chamber 2 divided by vertical partitions 3 and 4 into sections 5 successively arranged and interconnected. Chamber 2 contains means 6 and 7 for inputting the raw material and withdrawing the cooked product. Each section 5 is provided with means 8 for venting gas. The partitions 3 form gaps 9 with the upper part of the chamber 2, the partitions 4 form a slot and the gaps 10 with the lower part of the chamber 2. The height of the partitions 3 can be reduced in the direction of flow.
    With the vertical arrangement of the reaction chamber 11 (Fig. 2), the dividing walls 12 are located at different heights of the chamber, they are divided into sections 13. The partitions are provided with means for overflow, made in the form of vertical partitions 14, the upper ends of which are located above the dividing partitions 12, Chamber 11 is provided with means 15 for introducing syf, connected to its upper part, and means 16 for outputting the cracked product, connected to the lower part of the chamber. Vertical partitions 14 form gaps 17 with the side walls of the chamber. Dividing
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    the partitions 12 can be inclined, and the upper ends of the partitions 14 are located under the upper parts of the over-. town 12.
    With the vertical arrangement of the reaction chamber 11 (FIG. 3), the partition walls 18 are located at different heights and are divided, into sections 13. The partitions are equipped with overflow means made in the form of pipes 19 passing through openings in the partitions 18, Chamber 11 is provided with means 15 for introducing raw materials connected to its lower part and means 16 for withdrawing the cracked product connected to the upper part of the chamber: Separating walls 18 may. to be inclined, and the means for overflow are made in the form of vertical partitions connected to the lower ends of the partitions.
    With the vertical arrangement of the reaction chamber 11 (Fig. 4), the partition walls 20 are located at different heights and divide it into sections 13. The barriers are equipped with overflow means, made in the form of vertical barriers 21, connected by lower ends to the barriers 20. The chamber 11 is equipped with means 15 for introducing raw materials connected to its upper part, and means 16 for producing a cracked product connected to the lower part of the chamber. The vertical partitions 21 form gaps 22 with the side walls of the chamber. The means for venting gas are made in the form of an axially arranged pipe 10 with holes 24 in the axis of the reaction chamber 11. The holes 24 located in the first of sections 13 have a cross section larger than the holes located in the remaining sections,
    With the vertical arrangement of the reaction chamber 11 (FIG. 5), the dividing walls 25 are provided with overflow means, made in the form of vertical partitions 26, attached by lower ends to the dividing walls, and 25, and vertical pipes 27, the upper openings of which are located below the upper ends of the vertical partitions 26,
    The device works as follows.
    The raw material in the form of a bottom oil residue enters the furnace 1, where it is heated to 400-500 ° C. The heated raw material through the means 6 for introducing the raw material enters the chamber 2, where it passes in a horizontal direction through successively located and interconnected sections 5. Liquid cracked product Q exits through the means 7 to discharge the cracked product and enters the separation a node (not shown) for separation, for example, into gasoline, heated oil and fuel oil. j The gas generated or present in the various sections of the reaction chamber is collected in the tops of the respective sections of the chamber and continuously or periodically withdrawn through the means 8 for evacuating the gas.
    By reducing the height of the overflow 3 in the direction of flow, the total flow rate in chamber -2 can be created under the influence of 25 gravity, and the gaseous products that are obtained during the operation of the device can be removed without the need to control the level of fluid that is necessary to prevent liquid ingress into the gas exhaust system. The first section 5 can be equipped with a larger gas-exhaust system for the removal of gaseous products that already exist in the feedstock flowing through means 6. for the introduction of raw materials.
    In the vertical reaction chamber 11 (Fig. 2), the lower ends of the vertical partitions 14 are located 40 near the bottom of section 13, therefore, during operation of the device, the fluid is forced to flow upward through the section, thus preventing the formation of stagnant zones and creating favorable conditions for gas emission.
    In the vertical chamber (Fig. 4), the height of the vertical partitions 21 is different for each section 13, their. The size of the piece alternates in adjacent sections, creating a cascade movement of a similar raw material or product through the reaction chamber 1 1. Preferably, the holes 24 are located in the upper parts of sections 13, i.e. near the moves of the original mixture. The openings in the first section 13 may be larger or larger.
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    The upper part of the reaction chamber 11 can be detached (along the dashed line), providing inspection or replacement of the dividing walls.
    In the proposed device, the gas generated during the cracking process or during the HafpeBa period, as well as that present in the feedstock entering the reaction chamber, is prevented from passing through the entire capacitance, since this gas is removed from the chamber as soon as possible after its formation. In the known chambers, divided into sections, the gas generated in the cracking process is removed from the vessel only with the flow of the liquid product through the outlet of the chamber. This means that the gas in the section will flow into the adjacent sections and will promote axial mixing in these subsequent sections. In the proposed device, the axial mixing in the reaction chamber is significantly reduced, since it only accounts for the gas formed in the section itself, and not for the gas flowing from the adjacent sections, and if this is the case, then only along the edges of the section.
    Example. In the reaction chamber having a volume of 60 m, a hydrocarbon oil with a boiling point higher than 4000 tons / day, heated to, is supplied. The amount of product boiling at a lower temperature is the same as in the known reaction chamber. The amount of product boiling between 165 ° C and 870 T / D, which is 120 T / D more than is obtained in a known apparatus. The amount of high boiling point products (above 350 ° C) is reduced by 120 T / D when the proposed reaction chamber is used. From these results, however, that a significant increase in the more valuable product is achieved using the proposed device, as compared with the known. .
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    1. Device for continuous thermal cracking of hydrocarbon oils, including means for heating the feedstock, reactive
    a chamber divided by partitions into successively arranged and interconnected sections, means for introducing, feeding and withdrawing the cracked product, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of the product boiling between 165 and, each section is provided with means for venting gas.
    2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction chamber is horizontally arranged, and the partitions are vertical, the adjacent sections being separated by two partitions, the first of which form the gaps from the upper part of the chamber and the second with its lower part.
    [2]
    3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the height of the first partitions decreases in the direction of flow.
    [3]
    4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction chamber is located vertically, the dividing partitions are located at different heights and are equipped with means for overflow, the upper ends of which are located above the dividing partitions.
    [4]
    5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the partition walls are inclined and the upper ends of the means for overflow are located. under the upper parts of the indicated partitions.
    [5]
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    6. The device according to PP. 4 and 5, characterized in that the means for overflow are made in the form
    [6]
    pipes passing through holes made in the partition walls, or in the form of vertical partitions connected to the lower ends of the partition walls;
    1 The device according to claim 4, wherein the means for introducing the feedstock is connected to the lower part of the reaction chamber, and the means for withdrawing the cracked product is connected to the upper part of the reaction chamber.
    8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for venting the gas are made in the form of a pipe located along the axis of the reaction chamber with openings located in each section.
    9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the holes
    in the central tube, located in the first section, have a cross section larger than the holes, located in the remaining sections,
    10. Device p. 8 or 9, characterized in that the overflow means comprise vertical partitions connected by lower ends to partitions and vertical, pipes, the upper openings of which are located below the upper ends of the vertical partitions.
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    Compiled by I. Popov Editor L. Zaitseva Tehred L. Serdyukova Proofreader L. Patay
    Order 1220/59
    Circulation 446
    VNIIPI State KONOtreTa according to the inventions and discoveries of the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI843423A0|1984-08-30|
    JPS6072985A|1985-04-25|
    CA1248041A|1989-01-03|
    ES535513A0|1986-08-01|
    KR850002841A|1985-05-20|
    FI843423A|1985-03-03|
    FI78725C|1989-09-11|
    EP0138247A1|1985-04-24|
    ES8609434A1|1986-08-01|
    GB8323635D0|1983-10-05|
    FI78725B|1989-05-31|
    SG6990G|1990-07-13|
    NL8402615A|1985-04-01|
    EP0138247B1|1987-06-24|
    DE3464382D1|1987-07-30|
    US4551233A|1985-11-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1649105A|1921-02-11|1927-11-15|Universal Oil Prod Co|Apparatus for cracking oil|
    US2497106A|1947-06-27|1950-02-14|Sinclair Refining Co|Apparatus for pyrolytic conversion of hydrocarbons|
    US3344057A|1965-11-02|1967-09-26|Union Oil Co|Coking process|
    CA1137434A|1978-07-11|1982-12-14|Mohammed Akbar|Process for the continuous thermal cracking ofhydrocarbon oils|
    US4443328A|1982-06-01|1984-04-17|Toyo Engineering Corporation|Method for continuous thermal cracking of heavy petroleum oil|
    JPS6158515B2|1983-02-28|1986-12-11|Fuji Sekyu Kk|GB8504807D0|1985-02-25|1985-03-27|Shell Int Research|Thermal cracking of hydrocarbon oils|
    DE3703110A1|1986-11-12|1987-10-08|Christian Schoen|METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS TREATMENT OF ALTOEL|
    US4853106A|1987-08-19|1989-08-01|Mobil Oil Corporation|Delayed coking process|
    FI85598C|1989-09-13|1992-05-11|Antero Ollila|FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER TERMISK KRACKNING AV KOLVAETEOLJOR OCH FOER ANDRA VAETSKE / -GASREAKTIONER.|
    FR2741889B1|1995-12-04|1999-01-29|Total Raffinage Distribution|IMPROVEMENTS IN PROCESSES AND DEVICES FOR VISCOREDUCING HEAVY HYDROCARBON LOADS|
    FR2741888B1|1995-12-04|1998-02-20|Total Raffinage Distribution|IMPROVEMENTS IN PROCESSES AND DEVICES FOR VISCOREDUCING HEAVY HYDROCARBON LOADS|
    EP1349903B1|2001-01-10|2011-10-05|Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.|Process for the production of thermally converted light products and electricity|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB838323635A|GB8323635D0|1983-09-02|1983-09-02|Continuous thermal cracking of hydrocarbon oils|
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